基于三点估计法的直流配电中心概率潮流计算

分布式电源呈间歇性/波动性,负荷呈随机性,利用概率统计理论研究基于不确定性量的电力系统规划、运行与控制已成为当前的研究热点。针对近年来不断增加的以风电、光伏为代表的分布式电源接入柔性直流配电网的现象,开展了概率潮流研究。以Nataf变换方法结合Cholesky分解进行不确定变量的相关性处理,提出了一种计及输入变量相关性的三点估计法的柔性直流配电网概率潮流计算方法;以国内首个五端柔性直流配电示范工程—直流配电中心作为算例,建立了基于三点估计法的统一直流概率潮流计算模型,计算结果验证了该算法的有效性和合理性。     

基于B2B-MMC的柔性互联变电站改进型孤岛控制模式

在基于背靠背模块化多电平换流器(back-to-back modular multilevel converter,B2B-MMC)的柔性互联变电站中,当主变压器故障退出运行后,换流器需要从功率传输模式切换到孤岛控制模式。该过程产生的冲击电压和冲击电流会严重威胁设备运行安全和系统供电可靠性。为此提出了一种改进型孤岛控制模式。在分析MMC桥臂瞬时功率与直流母线电压的运行关系的基础上,将有功功率-直流电压平方分配特性的固定下垂系数与利用虚拟惯量的自适应惯性下垂系数相结合。其中自适应惯性技术是将B2B-MMC系统中直流侧有功功率和交流系统频率进行耦合,通过快速调节下垂系数从而抑制切换过程中的电压冲击、降低峰值电流,提高系统的稳定性。在PSCAD/EMTDC暂态仿真软件中搭建了基于B2B-MMC的柔性互联变电站模型,分析了所提方法在换流器切换过程中的响应特性,其结果验证了所提方法的有效性和实用性。     

基于B2B-MMC的柔性互联变电站优化调度方法

针对传统变电站内主变之间采用单母线分段开关难以准确调控潮流问题,提出一种基于背靠背模块化多电平换流器（B2B-MMC）的柔性互联变电站优化调度方法。首先,提出含柔性互联变电站的配电网架构,实现潮流的连续性控制及多区域间互相协调;然后,设计柔性互联变电站架构下的一种潮流优化调度方法,采用遗传算法对换流器进行赋值,利用改进交替迭代法进行潮流计算,实现配电网潮流的主动调控;最后,通过仿真模型验证了本文所提控制方法的有效性和合理性。     

极端外部环境下输电线路的综合风险评估方法

针对极端外部环境易引发的巨型停电灾难的问题,提出输电线路的综合风险评估方法。首先采用多维云模型理论,建立极端外部环境下输电线路的综合故障率预测模型;其次,根据预测的故障率,从输电线路自身损失、人身环境损失、社会损失和系统安全损失这4个方面建立一种输电线路的综合风险评估体系;最后,根据电力事故事件调查规程对所建立的综合风险评估体系进行量化评分,并利用贵州电网实例进行验证。算例仿真表明:所建立的输电线路的综合风险评估体系具有良好的实用性、可操作性,而且便于评估。     

Nanostructured insulators – A review of nanotechnology concepts for outdoor ceramic insulators

Nanotechnology is rapidly growing as a new technology alternative to create advance materials with unique characteristics and performance for different applications in several industrial sectors. In recent years, many nanotechnology-based products have appeared in our everyday life. On the other hand, industries have also considered nano-concepts to produce high-added value products with superior capacity, reliability and efficiency. Electric insulators are components with high importance in the electricity network system; reliability and high performance are essential characteristics demanded by actual markets. Recent studies have demonstrated the technical feasibility of innovative nano-concepts to improve the final properties of these electrical components. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of nanotechnology applications for outdoor insulators. Nano-concepts for ceramic insulators are summarized and reported with the aim to provide an overview of applications and opportunities for electric industry. In addition, the future trends and challenges for this field are also considered in this work.     

Upgrading the Arlberg tunnel to current safety standards

Austrian road tunnels within the Trans-European Road Network (TERN) must fulfil the requirements of the Directive 2004/54/EC (European Commission, 2004) not later than April 2019. This regulation has to be applied to all tunnels in the TERN with a length of more than 500 m, whether they are in operation, under construction or at design stage, and aims at ensuring a minimum level of safety for road users. One of the main features of this directive is the requirement for providing an egress possibility to a safe environment every 500 m throughout the whole tunnel.The Arlberg road tunnel has a length of some 15.5 km and is in operation for more than 35 years. It is a single tube tunnel operated with bi-directional traffic, but carries a quite low traffic volume. Hence, the construction of a second tube is not really cost effective. Currently the tunnel is equipped with a transversal ventilation system with remotely controlled smoke extraction dampers providing smoke extraction every 100 m. The maximum distance between egress possibilities to a save environment is some 1500 m. Due to the high costs of a construction of a second tube or a parallel running escape gallery, a novel solution was found. The existing fresh air duct will be used as safe escape way between the existing egress possibilities. This solution has big impacts on the ventilation system and on the requirements for thermal structure protection of the new egress ways, i.e. the fresh air duct. In order to overcome this problem, massive changes in the ventilation design have to be performed, accompanied by the installation of a high-pressure water-mist system for structure protection.     

一种非线性微分在协调控制系统中的应用

实际微分环节可以由一减一阶惯性环节构成,用速率限制非线性环节替代一阶惯性环节后,可得到一种非线性微分的描述函数,这种非线性微分的响应时间和微分作用随着输入信号幅值增加而增加。针对一典型300 MW机组协调控制系统,利用此非线性微分替代锅炉侧PID主控制器和负荷指令前馈中的微分环节,调试参数并仿真。实验结果表明：采用非线性微分的协调控制系统,在AGC指令大幅度变化时,微分作用较强,锅炉燃料量能够迅速变化从而保证机前压力稳定;在AGC指令小幅度变化时,微分作用减弱,能够有效减弱锅炉燃料量的波动幅度并维持机前压力在允许范围内。这种协调控制系统适合应用于电网AGC指令小幅度、高速率频繁变化的火电机组。     

微电网中光伏-储能协调控制策略的研究

针对水光储柴（光伏、储能、水电和柴油发电）混合型微电网的运行需求,分析光储在该混合微电网中稳态时的特性,提出了稳态控制策略。搭建水光储柴混合微电网模型,对提所出的光储协调控制策略进行实时数字仿真和现场实验,验证了微电网中控制策略的可行性和可靠性。     

运行服务总线综合评价方法与评测工具研究

运行服务总线是一体化电网运行智能系统的一个重要部分,是应用模块互连互通的桥梁.基于层次分析法和模糊综合评判法,对运行服务总线评价指标体系进行梳理,提出一种对运行服务总线性能和功能进行综合评价的方法.开发了一套运行服务总线综合评测工具,可快速准确完成一体化电网智能系统基础平台中通用服务、服务注册与管理功能、跨安全区传输及应用安全等测试,是针对运行服务总线模块的自动化、模块化、可视化测试工具.测试及试运行表明该工具具备全面的测试案例集,为运行服务总线提供了全面的功能、性能的测试和评价工具.     

基于改进QPSO算法的主动配电网削峰填谷策略研究

相较于传统配电网,主动配电网具有分布式电源利用率高、网损低、可控性强等特点,其优化运行为典型的多目标优化问题。文中同时考虑储能系统削峰填谷在平滑负荷曲线和分布式电源运行经济性两方面的性能,建立了典型主动配电网多目标优化模型;考虑该模型具有多维非线性特点,提出了一种基于量子粒子群(QPSO)的改进算法,利用量子理论中的量子行为和概率表达特性,在算法的全局寻优能力和种群多样性方面得到明显提升。最后,算例分析验证了该方法的可行性。